Pharoah Tutanchamen essays

Pharoah Tutanchamen papers Tutanchamen name implies living picture of AMEN. Tutanchamen original name was Tutankhaten. He was the child of Pharaoh Amenophis IV and his Queen, Kiya. He wedded his stepsister Ankheseenamun, the girl of Amenophis IV also, Queen Neferrtiti. He became ruler when he was 9 years of age (around 1333BC). Envision administering a whole nation when you are just nine! Ruler Tut administered Egypt, which is situated in the upper east corner of Africa along the banks of the Nile. Tutankhamen became ruler after the passing on Ikhnaton in 1362 BC. During the vast majority of his standard he lived in Memphis, close to introduce day Cairo. Egypt was really represented by his senior authorities and Ay, senior priest of state. Harmony was brought to Egypt during his rule as the love of Amon, which was relinquished under Ikhnaton, was reestablished and Thebes the city hallowed to Amon, Egyptians delighted in life on earth and they made arrangements for life in the here after. They lived in amazing houses and delighted in sprucing up and wearing wigs. The vast majority wore garments made of cloth. They were engaged by performers while devouring goose, meat, figs, dates and pomegranates also, they drank grape or date wine. A portion of their preferred pets were monkeys, Lord Tuts rule was short He kicked the bucket out of nowhere during the war with the Hittite individuals. He was just 19 years of age. He had no beneficiaries. Nobody knows the secret of his passing. He was covered in the Valley of the Tombs, of the rulers of southern Egypt. The Egyptians accepted that eternal life was like life on earth. They secured and protected themselves for the following life. The pyramids ensured the bodies and embalmment protected the body. The embalmment procedure could take up to 70 days. All the organs were expelled and placed in containers to dry. At that point the body was preserved and rewarded with oils and liquid gum. The body w ... <!

buy custom The Dell Corporation essay

purchase custom The Dell Corporation exposition Dell Corporation foundation was in 1984 by Michael Dell. He was an understudy at Texas University. In the year 1999, Dell was the main PCs dealer in the United States. It was second around the world. The accomplishment of the organization is wonderful. The explanation is that it created from being an understudies own organization to a major organization with a huge number of representatives. The organization manages the offer of PCs and other related PC administrations. The organization has developed through acquisitions and including its client base. There are interesting components that make the organization one of a kind from different organizations that manage similar items. Different organizations that manage PCs and other related administrations are Hewlett Packard, Apple, and Toshiba. The organization is driving out different organizations in the business managing personal computers. It has an amazingly productive and creative framework where there is little nearness in the retail advertise. Dell has a remarkable system of keeping up consistency of the item segments. At the point when the organization gets an agreement on realistic cards, it tends to have the option to pull in providers rapidly. This is a bit of leeway to the purchaser. On account of business purchasers, it is practically difficult to do support of the item as segments change each time one buys another PC. The organization offers a remarkable program to business people. This program guarantees the agents that the organization will keep up the segments of it s items for quite a while. Numerous organizations managing the offer of PCs don't offer such affirmations to their customers. The organization effectively takes an interest in a program known as Environmental security office. It has taken an interest in this program for quite a while. It is a domain assurance program that expects items to meet certain capability of vitality star. The organization offers numerous workstations, PCs and printers that meet theserequirements. It additionally prompts minimization of naturally touchy materials transmitted during age of intensity. A large portion of the items created by Dell Company expend little vitality, under 5 watts when worked in low force mode. The organization has made an additional stride in limiting the measure of time expended before entering a low force structure. Dell Corporation has capabilities for its ability to drop down the costs of its PC items. This makes the items to be moderate since the organization has power over its merchants. The organization has had the option to impact the internet services to an extraordinary favorable position. It tends to be noticed that Dell is a chief provider of PCs through the web. The key decisions along with compelling methods of accomplishing them have assumed a fundamental job in the achievement of the organization. One of the key components of accomplishment in business is the flexibly chain the executives embraced by the organization (Hitt, Ireland Hoskisson 2009). Most contenders of Dell Corporation attempt to duplicate its plan of action. In the offer of its PCs and PC benefits, the Dell Corporation has embraced an immediate plan of action. It has discarded the exchange markup. It has additionally wiped out certain dangers associated with enormous loads of completed products. It routinely gets parts a few minutes or hours before it begins collecting them to meet a clients request. In different circumstances, the organization holds six days of stock as long as eleven days. Its rivals can have as long as 58 days of stock. This is worthwhile to the organization since the expense of PC segments drops every day. It isn't gainful to purchase huge inventories without a moment's delay since they can be bought later at a lower cost. The organization perceives three client fragments. One of the client fragments is the enormous associations that incorporate government organizations and largge organizations. The other client section is medium and private ventures. The last section is close to home buyers who possess the enormous level of Dells deals. The organization has received a virtual reconciliation mode because of increment in the quantity of clients. This realizes direct relationship with clients. The improvement of data innovation has assisted Dell Corporation with having a nearby association with the clients (Holzner, 2006). Two principle enhancements that carry dell closer to its clients are platinum committees and head pages. They are completely found in the web locales. The organization has additionally received a form to arrange gracefully system. The system includes a chain that produces quality items and administrations that dependent on singular client necessity at a lower cost. The organization takes part in assembling items and administrations that meet clients details at a brief timeframe and consenting to data innovation. The organization picks providers who have understanding, capacity and skill to convey items on schedule. The presentation of the providers can be surveyed by the organization. After at regular intervals, the organization meets the providers to get the immediate input that includes future desires and execution of the organization. The exhibition appraisal is done by the utilization of a score card that has an examination of each provider with that of the contenders. The assessment has a base on cost, unwavering quality, congruity and nature of flexibly. The dell enterprise has created procedures that are substantial. These systems mean to improve the exhibition of the organization. This makes it to be one of the top best firms in the offer of PCs and PC segments. In any case, this doesn't imply that the organization is impeccable in its tasks. It can conquer the difficulties, it faces. Contenders ought to gain so much from Dell Corporation. Purchase custom The Dell Corporation paper

Interview The Difference Between Editing and Proofreading - The Writers For Hire

Meeting: THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EDITING AND PROOFREADING With conventional distributing on the decreaseâ †independently published books spoke to 31 percent of  e-book deals on Amazons Kindle Store in 2014 †a larger number of writers than everâ shoulder the obligation of ensuring their books contain spotless, cleaned, and precise duplicate. That implies, in a perfect world, that theyre employing experts to tweak their original copies once the composing is finished. The catch is, when individuals request that experts edit or alter their books (or some other sort of duplicate) the customers desires may not coordinate the experts. For certain individuals, altering implies checking spelling and language structure. Others consider it molding the general structure of the original copy. During her most recent meeting on The Price of Business, Wintress Odom of The Writers For Hire discusses mentioning editing and altering administrations and offers tips that customers can use to make sureâ everyone is one a similar page. Snap play to hear the meeting. document.createElement('video'); https://www.thewritersforhire.com/wp-content/transfers/2017/08/7-7-17-Wintress-Odom.mp4

Similarities Differences Between Asian And Global Financial Crisis Economics Essay

Similitudes Differences Between Asian And Global Financial Crisis Economics Essay Asia Financial Crisis (AFC) in 1997 was begun with downgrading of Thailands baht and followed by Ringgit Malaysia, Philippine Peso, and Indonesian Rupiah. There were a few reasons for the emergency, for example, South East Asia current record shortfall, exaggerated resources costs, debasement and macroeconomic strategy error and overabundance loaning. The vast majority of South East Asia Countries was confronting current record deficiency, a few nations had 5% above GDP. They explained this deficiency by pulling in inflows of speculation from abroad, normally on momentary venture. This is on the grounds that budgetary deregulation and capital advancement in the west nations, so it started to convince creating nations to receive free market also. At that point, remote venture apparently useful for financial yet really not, the issue isn't from free development of capital anyway that the nation will be extremely subject to outside momentary capital stream. Momentary obtaining (for example credits of not exactly a years span) implied there ought to be had fluid resources in the banks account it will causes rousing a huge piece of their capital inflows were expanding the loaning rate, which straightforwardly some of household banks effectively look for remote assets from the West to fund the loaning with the results nation will confro nting overabundance loaning. Also, the shortcoming of the South East Asian economies was not for all intents and purposes exaggerated their benefits make them feeble to a brisk gloom. In Thailand property advertise become the shortcoming of money related area, as per Robert Chote (1998) Thailand bank had loaning assets to non bank monetary organization, which is property showcase financial specialists. It is guess quarter of bank in Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia was loaning their assets through delegates for property related speculation. The third reasons for AFC has been the interior factor of each creating nation that is gravely sick of defilement and doesn't deal with capital market in a straightforwardness, there was deficient administrative structure in business particularly for the bank in South East Asia. For instance in Indonesia, banks could never decline to loan cash to organizations have connection with the previous president Suharto family, the moneylenders simply figure those borrowers would have the option to reimburse the obligation, even the speculation fizzled. Another factor was macroeconomic arrangements, which is pegging local cash to the US dollar had critical impacts, by keeping up the fixed dollar rate between South East Asian economies as a result made their monetary forms appreciate. At that point, when the emergency was build up the swelling of the US dollar give some difficulty to those nations confronting huge shortfall, yet it would likewise make it harder to support their deficiency. Consequently the impact of AFC will be influencing in Asia and to the worldwide market. In the Asia locale, one of the unmistakable impacts has been the cheapening in the incentive against US dollar and generally the economy execution can be found in securities exchange, which is the nation in emergency will encounter brisk drops in the financial exchange since securities exchange would probably fall mirror the lower foreseen benefit. Another sign of the monetary emergency was loan cost will rise quickly to forestall further degrading of the monetary standards, for instance in Indonesia they raise for the time being financing cost to 300% in 1997, yet neglected to prevent conversion scale from crumbling. In Malaysia, the stock and the money advertise about breakdown and furthermore GDP development rate dropped from 7.3% to negative 7.4%, yet the economy conditions recuperate in 1999. The worldwide effect of AFC financial disturbance is relied upon to give impact of certain downturns in monetary development since the emergency started. The depreciation of South East Asian monetary standards will diminish the interest for western merchandise which are making the products more costly to acquire than expected. Yet, the positive outcome is the development of fare from significant economies. Another effect in depreciation of monetary standards will give exchange bit of leeway to South East Asian organizations, however the expense to getting resources will be expanded also, as an outcome, remote direct speculation will drop. Contrasted and current Global Financial Crisis (GFC), the reasons for GFC are connected to the turn down of money related markets. In US, banking businesses has been influenced by subprime contract pattern which is more probable from land. As indicated by Krugman (2009) the emergency development from lodging emergency to banking emergency are quick. The effect GFC in budgetary establishment in creating nations in Asia, in certainty the money related foundation in creating nation moderately unaffected as they have great reputation on acquiring and loaning process in this way, it will assist with limiting the hazard. At that point general proposal, for money related establishment would government should clarify guideline, at that point by financing business sector and supporting difficulty resources showcase it will offer liquidity to bank. Since this is a worldwide issue, it might require collaboration different nations to make arrangement. In the event of GFC, Asian economies will move gradually, it is on the grounds that a large portion of the nations dependant to outside requests, in this way when US and west nations battle it generally will offer impact to Asian nations. In any case, since AFC the vast majority of Asia nations have great key in their economy yet arrangement alterations for every nation to adjust the circumstance are essential. The effects of GFC in Malaysia are in outside conversion scale, money segment, banking framework and exchange. Trade rates in Malaysia since de-pegging in from US in 2005 have effect on capital stream to the Ringgit (Ooi, 2008), this devaluation in Ringgit esteem is identified with the interest of portfolio stream and fare segment. This will assist Malaysia with improving their fare for counter worldwide downturn. In account part, Malaysia have endured enormous effect on capital stream since US monetary establishment more worry to their local market, and in capital stream portfolio is the one generally unpredictable. In Malaysia stock trade, numerous remote players included then when the emergency, numerous outside members take their part back, and influencing to the financial exchange in KLCI. As indicated by Bank Negara Malaysia (2008), low obligation reimbursement by private area and authority segment cause diminishing in direct speculation. The effect on banking framework was very leveled out as neighborhood banks had little relationship with US subprime credit, and furthermore nearby bank have gained from AFC in 1997. For exchange, there has large effect in Malaysia due to extremely subordinate on the planet showcase, in 2009 Malaysia made greatest drop in send out rate remembering for fabricated fare, electronic, farming and regular assets trade. Malaysias trades have a high connection with their import. So when fares decline, imports additionally decline. All in all, AFC give great principal Asian nations when confronting GFC. At that point both of the emergencies consistently give worldwide effect in financial aspects to all nations on the planet, and as money related emergency all budgetary market will be influenced. The distinctions are only the volume of the effect and how they will discover the answer for deal with their concern. QUESTION 2 Talk about in detail on the effect of Capital Control forced by the Malaysian Government in 1998 on the economy when all is said in done, giving extraordinary thought on the pegging of Malaysian Ringgit against USD. In 1957, Malaysia embrace coasting swapping scale that lone unstable around RM 2.50. During the drifting swapping scale in 1991 1997, the development of GDP in Malaysia was higher and was determined roughly at 9.2 percent a year. Then again, during the budgetary emergency, the monetary development got negative. Besides, in 1999, the development began to recoup from - 7.6 per a year to 6.1 percent a year. This condition can be occurred because of the speculators certainty has recouped and the business began the extension development (Talib, nd). Budgetary emergency in 1998 made disaster nations in Asia, for example, Indonesia, South Korea, Thailand, Philippines and Malaysia. In those years, each nation in Asia was keeping itself from the emergency by protective strategy. It is additionally trailed by IMF term that each nation needs to fix their capital and trade control. This move is made due to guarantee the speculators certainty and stem capital surge. Then again, Malaysia tested it by forcing limitation on capital repatriation by remote financial specialist and on seaward exchanging of ringgit-named resources (Sharma, 2003). As per Sharma in The Malaysian Capital Control Regime of 1998, she expressed that because of capital control, it downturn the financial in Malaysia. For instance, send out in electronic particularly demonstrated low interest and ascents of lower cost makers. She included likewise that the cost of the private and business property increment. In addition, sponsorships are required in enterprises, for example, autos, concrete, steel and others. In any case, the problematic is the falling in the advantages nature of the bank on account of the uncontrolled quick credit extension that made theoretical value bubbles occurred. Likewise there was distinction in resources and liabilities that made the market powerless and genuinely uncovered. In this way, when budgetary emergency in Asia occurred, Malaysian Ringgit turned out to be unpredictable and the exchanging of Ringgit against USD at RM 4.22 per 1 USD. Along these lines government settled on choice to peg the Ringgit with USD at RM 3.82 per 1 USD. The Malaysian government worry about the economy in Malaysia as well as the virtual pegging of Malaysian Ringgit against USD. Around then Malaysian Ringgit debilitated against USD, this is on the grounds that the boundless money exchanging market. Numerous examiners that short or sell the Malaysian Ringgit if there should be an occurrence of deteriorated (Sharma, 2003). Malaysia likewise forces limitation on conversion scale exchange to forestall theorist take position against ringgit and furthermore to ensure remote trade res

Literature Search Essay Example Essay Example

Writing Search Essay Example Paper Writing Search Essay Introduction Grap, Mary. ,Munro, Cindy. , Hummel, Russel. , Jessica. , Elswick, and Sessler Curtis. 2005. Impact of Backrest Elevation on the Development of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia. AACN. Recovered from ajcc. aacnjournals. organization on March 3, 2012. Unique †¢ Background Ventilator-related pneumonia is a typical complexity of mechanical ventilation. Backrest position and time spent recumbent are basic hazard factors for desire, expanding the hazard for pneumonia. Experimental proof of the impact of backrest positions on the occurrence of ventilator-related pneumonia, particularly during mechanical ventilation after some time, is restricted. Target To portray the connection between backrest height and improvement of ventilator-related pneumonia. †¢ Methods : It is a nonexperimental, longitudinal, spellbinding structure was utilized. The Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score was utilized to decide ventilator-related pneumonia. Backrest height was estimated constantly with a transd ucer framework. Information were gotten from research facility results and clinical records from the beginning of mechanical ventilation as long as 7 days. †¢ Results Sixty-six subjects were observed (276 patient days). Mean backrest height for the whole investigation time frame was 21. 7â °. Backrest heights were under 30â ° 72% of the time and under 10â ° 39% of the time. The mean Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score expanded however not fundamentally, and backrest height had no immediate impact on mean scores. A model for foreseeing the Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score at day 4 included standard score, level of time spent at under 30â ° on study day 1, and score on the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, clarifying 81% of the changeability (F=7. 1, P=. 003). Writing Search 3 †¢ Conclusions Subjects invested most of the energy at backrest heights under 30â °. Just the blend of ahead of schedule, low backrest rise and seriousness of ailment influenced the frequency of ventilator-related pneumonia. Amelia Ross. (2006). The effect of a proof put together practice training program with respect to the job of oral consideration in the anticipation of ventilator-related pneumonia. Recovered from, www. elsevierhealth. com/diaries/iccn. on March 2, 2012. Writing Search Essay Body Paragraphs Conceptual BACKGROUND: Despite solid proof in the writing on the job of oral consideration in the counteraction of ventilator-related pneumonia (VAP), medical attendants keep on survey oral consideration as a solace measure with low need and use froth swabs as opposed to toothbrushes. Albeit a proof based oral consideration convention existed and best-practice oral consideration devices were accessible, the VAP rates had not essentially diminished despite the fact that medical attendants revealed giving oral consideration. Destinations: The point of the investigation was to decide whether a proof based practice (EBP) instructive program would improve the nature of oral consideration conveyed to precisely ventilated patients; in this manner, decreasing the VAP rate. RESULTS: Improvement in oral wellbeing was exhibited by an abatement in middle scores on the Oral Assessment Guide (pre (11. 0), post (9. 0)). A t-test investigation uncovered a factually critical distinction (p=0. 0002). The recurrence of oral consideration documentation likewise improved as showed by a positive move to the more successive time spans. The VAP rates have diminished by half after the EBP instruction Literature Search 4 ntervention. Ends: The execution of an EBP instructive program concentrated on quiet result as opposed to an undertaking to be performed improved the nature of oral consideration conveyed by the nursing staff. Carolyn L. , Cason, Tracy, Tyner. , Sue, Saunders, Lisa, Broom. , 2007. Medical attendants Implementation of Guidelines for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. AACN. Recovered from ajcc. aacnjournals. organization on March 1, 2012. Unique †¢ Background Ventilator-related pneumonia represents 47% of diseases in patients in escalated care units. Adherence to the best nursing rehearses suggested in the 2003 rules for the counteraction of ventilator-related pneumonia from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevent ion ought to lessen the danger of ventilator-related pneumonia. †¢ Objective To assess the degree to which medical attendants working in escalated care units execute best practices while overseeing grown-up patients getting mechanical ventilation. †¢ Methods Nurses going to training classes in the United States finished a 29-thing survey about the sort and recurrence of care gave. †¢ Results Twelve hundred medical caretakers finished the poll. Generally (82%) detailed consistence with hand-washing rules, 75% announced wearing gloves, half revealed hoisting the leader of the bed, a third announced performing subglottic suctioning, and half revealed having an oral consideration convention in their emergency clinic. Medical caretakers in clinics with an oral consideration convention revealed better consistence with hand washing and keeping up head-of-bed rise, were bound to consistently give oral consideration, and were increasingly acquainted with paces of ventilator-re lated pneumonia and the life forms required than were attendants working in emergency clinics without such conventions. Writing Search5 †¢ Conclusions The rules for the anticipation of ventilator-related pneumonia from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are not reliably or consistently executed. Practices of medical caretakers utilized in clinics with oral consideration conventions are more regularly harmonious with the rules than are practices of attendants utilized in emergency clinics without such conventions. Critical decreases in paces of ventilator-related pneumonia might be accomplished by more extensive usage of oral consideration conventions. Grap, Mary. ,Munro, Cindy. , Hummel, Russel. , Jessica. Elswick, and Sessler Curtis. 2005. Impact of Backrest Elevation on the Development of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia. AACN. Recovered from ajcc. aacnjournals. organization on March 3, 2012. Conceptual †¢ Background Ventilator-related pneumonia is a typical c omplexity of mechanical ventilation. Backrest position and time spent recumbent are basic hazard factors for goal, expanding the hazard for pneumonia. Experimental proof of the impact of backrest positions on the frequency of ventilator-related pneumonia, particularly during mechanical ventilation after some time, is constrained. Target To portray the connection between backrest rise and improvement of ventilator-related pneumonia. †¢ Methods : It is a nonexperimental, longitudinal, illustrative structure was utilized. The Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score was utilized to decide ventilator-related pneumonia. Backrest height was estimated consistently with a transducer framework. Information were acquired from research facility results and clinical records from the beginning of mechanical ventilation as long as 7 days. †¢ Results Sixty-six subjects were checked (276 patient days). Mean backrest rise for the whole examination time frame was 21. 7â °. Backrest rises were un der 30â ° 72% of the time and under 10â ° 39% of the time. The mean Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score expanded yet not fundamentally, and backrest rise had no immediate impact on mean scores. A model for foreseeing the Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score at day 4 included gauge score, level of time spent at under 30â ° on study day 1, and score on the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, clarifying 81% of the changeability (F=7. 1, P=. 003). Writing Search 3 †¢ Conclusions Subjects invested most of the energy at backrest heights under 30â °. Just the mix of right on time, low backrest height and seriousness of ailment influenced the frequency of ventilator-related pneumonia. Amelia Ross. (2006). The effect of a proof put together practice training program with respect to the job of oral consideration in the avoidance of ventilator-related pneumonia. Recovered from, www. elsevierhealth. com/diaries/iccn. on March 2, 2012. Theoretical BACKGROUND: Despite solid p roof in the writing on the job of oral consideration in the avoidance of ventilator-related pneumonia (VAP), medical attendants keep on survey oral consideration as a solace measure with low need and use froth swabs as opposed to toothbrushes. Albeit a proof based oral consideration convention existed and best-practice oral consideration instruments were accessible, the VAP rates had not fundamentally diminished despite the fact that medical attendants announced giving oral consideration. Goals: The point of the examination was to decide whether a proof based practice (EBP) instructive program would improve the nature of oral consideration conveyed to precisely ventilated patients; in this way, lessening the VAP rate. RESULTS: Improvement in oral wellbeing was shown by a reduction in middle scores on the Oral Assessment Guide (pre (11. 0), post (9. 0)). A t-test investigation uncovered a measurably noteworthy contrast (p=0. 0002). The recurrence of oral consideration documentation l ikewise improved as showed by a positive move to the more incessant time spans. The VAP rates have diminished by half after the EBP instruction Literature Search 4 ntervention. Ends: The execution of an EBP instructive program concentrated on understanding result as opposed to an errand to be performed improved the nature of oral consideration conveyed by the nursing staff. Carolyn L. , Cason, Tracy, Tyner. , Sue, Saunders, Lisa, Broom. , 2007. Medical caretakers Implementation of Guidelines for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. AACN. Recovered from ajcc. aacnjournals. organization on March 1, 2012. Dynamic †¢ Background Ventilator-related pneumonia represents 47% of contaminations in patients in escalated care units. Adherence to the best nursing rehearses suggested in the 2003 rules for the anticipation of ventilator-related pneumonia from the Centers for Disease Control and

Commercial Real Estate Strategies

Commercial Real Estate Strategies The term commercial real estate is an umbrella for six different types of property: land, office space, industrial space, retail space, multi-family apartments (four or more units), and mixed-use properties. Each type has its own unique subtypes, and related strategies for making money. Its important to understand the differences between each type long before you tender an offer, because the type of commercial real estate directly informs the strategies you can use to make money. © Shutterstock.com | ssguyIn this article, we will explore, 1) strategies for making money with land, 2) strategies for making money with office space, 3) strategies for making money with industrial space, 4) strategies for making money with retail space, 5) strategies for making money with multi-family apartments, 6) strategies for making money with mixed-use properties, and 7) examples of successful commercial real estate strategies from real estate entrepreneurs.STRATEGIES FOR MAKING MONEY WITH LANDLand is generally categorized as greenfield â€" or undeveloped; infill â€" developed but vacant land; or brownfield land â€" land previously used for industrial purposes, and often environmentally damaged, but available for reuse.Risk/returnProfitable land ownership requires you to find a suitable and lucrative use for the land â€" such as development, granting of easements, or sale of air rights. Otherwise, you will be stuck paying taxes on the property without deriving income. Howeve r, with greenfield land, there is no tenant-related risk, as with other types of commercial property. Returns for land investments can be as high as 20%.Buying and holdingYou can buy and hold land in an area you forecast will soon be rezoned, and/or see an influx of profitable neighboring developments/businesses. You will be saddled with property taxes and possibly local assessments, so you will need to ensure you have enough cash to absorb those expenses until your land becomes ideal for development and/or selling.FlippingLand flipping is usually done in markets with rapidly rising property values. This can be very risky, especially if the market rapidly crashes. It’s important to have more than one exit strategy when flipping land. However, one can do this by buying land and selling it on a land contract or contract for sale, synonymous terms for a transaction in which you receive payments from the buyer and provide title when they have paid in full.Rezoning and sellingYou can w ait until land is rezoned and sell it. This is usually done, when an area or parcel of residential real estate is rezoned for commercial usage, rather than vice versa. It is also often done when land zoned for rural use is rezoned for residential or commercial use. You can also attempt to get the land rezoned yourself, which can be a very complicated process, involving city planning commissions and considerable bureaucracy. You should consider the land’s proximity to cities and city services, roads, and environmental viability, when considering pursuing rezoning.Development  Developing land is perhaps the most lucrative and most difficult way to make money with land. After buying the land you will entitle it (gain approval for specific development), plan the construction project, screen and select a construction firm, obtain the required building permits, begin construction, and complete the required inspections to ensure that the building is in compliance with state and local bui lding standards. You will want to do proper due diligence to ensure that you eliminate environmental, title-related, and other non-construction-related risks before you break ground. Once you are nearing completion of the construction, you will begin to market it, for either buyers or tenants.There are considerable risks with this approach, particularly during the construction phase, such as falling demand for the type of property you are building, your land being rezoned and other changing regulations, and poor construction work, among others. If you have not sold or rented the property by the time you have completed construction, you will bear the full brunt of property taxes and any special local assessments, without mitigating sales or rental income.Tips For Buying a Property or Rural Land STRATEGIES FOR MAKING MONEY WITH OFFICE PROPERTIESThe most common way to make money with office properties is to own and rent them. Office space is commonly divided into three categories: Cla ss A â€" high-quality construction and location; Class B â€" high-quality construction, not-so-great location; and Class C â€" less than high-quality construction, and less than desirable location. Further categories are Central Business District, or Suburban, which relate to office building location. Ideal investments are Class A in a Central Business District, but these are also usually the most expensive. You can find opportunities in all categories.  Risk/return  Office properties, like other forms of commercial real estate, confer the advantage of business tenants. Bad tenancy can harm a tenant’s business in some cases as much as you, so carefully screened clients can provide stable income. Tenant related risk comes from tenants moving, or going out of business. Other forms of office-related risk, include rezoning, vacancy, obsolescence, and risks associated with having multiple people on the property. However, the return can be as high as 7% to 10% of one’s investment.Own and operate  You can make money through the rental income derived from office properties. If you own an office building, you can also make money through common access maintenance (or CAM fees). These refer to the fees you charge tenants for maintaining areas to which they all have access. An office building may also feature amenities that can be opened to the public. For example, a commercial office building, with retail storefronts on the ground floor, may open these up to the public. You also will want to require tenants to sign long-term leases (three years or more) to ensure stable, predictable income. These leases should include clauses for annual rent increases.Buy and holdYou can buy and hold individual office space or office buildings you own for long-term appreciation. You can increase the chances of this by buying office property that is centrally located, and by making improvements that enhance energy efficiency, increase parking availability, and improve lighting, struct ural elements, and security. Make sure that you avoid making long-term alterations to the property that reduce your chances of finding new tenants, without stipulations in the lease that require the tenant to pay for removal costs.How to Buy Commercial Property Tips STRATEGIES FOR MAKING MONEY WITH INDUSTRIAL PROPERTIES  Industrial properties can be classified as heavy manufacturing, light assembly, flex warehouse, or bulk warehouse. Heavy manufacturing is usually customized with specific machinery for the tenant, while light assembly can be rearranged easily. Flex warehouse usually contains both office and industrial space, and bulk warehouse, usually the largest of the four, are generally used for product distribution across a regional area, and including loading areas for trucks.  Risk/return  Vacancy is a huge risk, especially with large and customized properties. Manufacturing or distribution related-accidents can require expensive repairs. And environmental damage caused by te nants can also be disastrous, requiring expensive remediation, and in some cases, prompting rezoning. However, industrial real estate lease terms are usually three to five years, and can last as long as ten years per lease period. You are likely to see stable returns of 7% to 15% if you manage your properties properly.  Own and operateThe good thing about industrial real estate management is that it is largely hands-off once you have (a) solid tenant(s). Industrial tenants come in ready to work, with a stake in ensuring that everything is, and remains in, working order. The urban industrial real estate market in the U.S. is shrinking as more areas become zoned for residential development, and more cities are developed. Investors should look for properties with feasible transportation infrastructure, such as clear roads or railroads that connect them with cities. You should also assess the height of the warehouse (which determines capacity and universe of prospective tenants), the st ate and type of loading dock, any additional land that comes with the property, and office space, in addition to location. Similar to office properties, you should require long-term leases with annual rent increase clauses.  Buy and hold  Buying and holding industrial property provides you with the highest return over the long-term. You should look to make improvements that facilitate transportation, such as loading docks, as well as those which make it easy to reconfigure your space for multiple types of manufacturers and distributors. You can also assess whether it makes sense to hire loading personnel whose services your tenants can hire for additional fees.4 Steps to Selling Industrial Property with Dan Doherty STRATEGIES FOR MAKING MONEY WITH RETAIL PROPERTIES  Retail properties include Strip Centers â€" small retail properties with or without an anchor tenant; Community Retail Centers â€" which range from 150,000 to 350,000 square feet, and usually have multiple anchor tenants ; and Power Centers â€" which range from 30,000 to 200,000 square feet and often have a big box retailor as an anchor tenant. There are also Regional Malls â€" which range from 400,000 to 2,000,000 square feet, and have multiple big box retailers as anchor tenants, and Out parcels, which are pieces of land attached to a large retail center, used by restaurants or banks.  Risk/returnRetail properties require considerable capital and time to obtain. One of the biggest risks is the inability to find tenants and/or existing tenants suffering a decline in profitability. It can take significant time to fill retail vacancies, especially in declining regional real estate markets. Further, online storefronts are eating into brick-and-mortar profits across the globe. But retail yields can range from 7% to 11%, which, given the significant capital expenditure required, can be a sizable profit in absolute dollars.  Own and operateWhen buying, look for spaces that are centrally located and where there is existing foot traffic. Your ideal retail property should also have plenty of available parking, and should be visible to pedestrians and passing cars, as you must be able to market the space. Location can make or break your investment. Screen your tenants carefully, paying attention to their profit and loss statements, income statements, and business plans.  Buy and hold  You have to be careful when making renovations that you are not reducing the chance of finding tenants. For example, installing a kitchen means that you will no longer receive offers from retail apparel firms. Take a look at existing anchor tenants to see what does not exist in your area. Make your renovations with this in mind, but avoid those that cannot be easily reversed.STRATEGIES FOR MAKING MONEY WITH MULTI-FAMILY APARTMENTSMulti-family apartments include garden apartments, which are typically three to four stories, and contain approximately 50 to 400 units; Mid-rise apartments, usually 5 to 9 stori es and between 30 and 110 units; and High-rise apartments, which are usually 10+ stories and contain at least 110 units.  Risk/return  The number of multi-family units can minimize vacancy-related losses. But multiple residential tenants bring their own problems, including late payments, and damage to the property by tenants, their kids, their pets, and the like. Further, consumer protections allow you less leeway in structuring lease terms and in landlord tenant disputes than with other forms of commercial property. But multi-family apartments can be tremendously lucrative, especially in an era during which more people are renting rather than buying homes. Typical returns are 10% percent of one’s investment. Further, considerable financing is available to real estate investors with the right qualifications â€" in some cases up to 90% of the purchase price. And this, combined with income streams from multiple tenants mitigates risk significantly.  Own and operate  One strategy to make money with apartments is buying an apartment that has been managed badly. Improvements, such as property renovations or employing a better property manager, can be implemented and rents raised accordingly. When operating an apartment with more than ten units, unless you hold no other employment, it is strongly recommended that you employ the services of a property manager or property management firm. Make sure you have comprehensive insurance policies in place to protect your property and limit your liability.  Buy and hold  If you have invested in a multi-family apartment for long-term appreciation, in addition to rental income, you will want to ensure that you make renovations to the unit kitchens, wiring, and bathrooms, as well as the building lighting, structural elements, roofing, and security. These play a significant factor in residential real estate appraisals. Condo conversions and rezoning can also have a positive impact on your property’s value.  Real Estate Invest ing In Multi-Family Apartments Dave Lindahl STRATEGIES FOR MAKING MONEY WITH SPECIAL PURPOSE/MIXED-USE PROPERTIES  There are many different types of special purpose/mixed-use properties, including but not limited to affordable housing, museums, amusement parks, storage facilities, churches, bowling alleys, theaters, concert halls, nursing homes, and community centers; and the strategies for making money with each vary by type.Risk/return  The risk here is generally a combination of tenant risk and risks related to the specific use of the property. For example, most car washes use chemicals extensively, leading to the risk of environmental damage. Storage facilities, by contrast, might yield a security risk if they are located in a high crime area. Zoning is also a consideration, especially if you are considering getting an existing property rezoned. The return varies with the type of property, especially considering that many types of mixed-unit properties involve government, not on ly through rezoning, but through subsidies.  General strategies  Making money with special purpose/mixed-use properties largely depends on the type of property that you purchase. However, when operating these properties, follow best practices for real estate investments: screen tenants thoroughly, maintain regular communication with them, make sure that you perform regular maintenance, and implement strategic renovations designed to increase the property’s underlying value. Forecasting the market for the business of prospective tenants is also critical.Strategies to get Started in Commercial real estate With No Money EXAMPLES OF SUCCESSFUL COMMERCIAL STRATEGIES FROM REAL ESTATE ENTREPRENEURS  Many billionaires have either made their fortune, or have a significant portion of their portfolio, in commercial real estate. More than 30% of the billionaires on the Fortune 400 list count real estate as a significant portion of their portfolio. Many of these billionaires, such as Wang Jian lin of China, are from Asian-Pacific countries, and have made their wealth by developing retail properties. Jianlin built his fortune over the past two decades through his acquisition of movie theaters, and development of retail locations, and office buildings. In the U.S., Donald Bren began building his fortune after World War II, by building residential, retail, and office properties on undeveloped land in Southern California, which have grown in value to be worth $12 billion today.Barbara Corcoran on Risk-Taking, Failure and How to Get Back Up

Should Athletes Who Dope Have Forfeit Their Titles Medals - 550 Words

Should Athletes Who Dope Have To Forfeit Their Titles And Medals? (Essay Sample) Content: NameInstructorCourseDateShould Athletes who Dope have to Forfeit their Titles and Medals?The Olympic Games has "faster, higher, and stronger" as its motto that guides it. The aim of this motto is to have something that is aspired as well as admired by the society as a whole. If there is an athlete who runs faster than others, there will be young boys and girls who will be trying to run as faster as they can to recess him. These young children will have a healthier and happier life in their entire lives. This is the value that the Olympics have tried to safeguard in the society: it is not about which records are being broken, but the energy and excellence it creates. If the Olympics were all about breaking records and gaining fame on the planet, then doping and other means of cheating in the games could have been allowed. However, sports are all about the human health and taking the body to great potentials without hurting it. Olympics is about the human health, fair p lay, role model and equitable presentation of countries. Therefore, doping is not allowed in the games, and those athletes who are caught of doping should have to forfeit the titles and medals.Fair play is imperative since it involves a proper representation of one's country in the games. Doping creates unfairness in the games since there are others who might have been genuinely and worked hard to present their countries in the Olympics. If one is found of doping will create controversy to their countries and even have it banned from the Olympics for a couple of years. Patriotism is all about being proud of your country and representing it in fair means at the events. Those who dope are not patriotic to their countries; they only love themselves instead. Therefore, those who dope should forfeit their medals and titles to pave a way for those who can represent their countries in a genuine manner to avoid controversies.The moment the athletes make that decision to compete in the Olymp ics, they become role models not only for their children but the whole society. Some kids will want to be like them in the future. If the children realize that they athletes use drugs they may start doing them too so as to be like them. This is not moral to the society. It will have people who will be depending on dubious ways to get what they want. A real role model should mentor others in the right ways and show them that everything is possible if they give their energy to it. Therefore, those who dope should forfeit their titles to show the kids that breaking the law has its consequences.Doping is not good for the athletes; th...

Analysis Of The Online Casino Industry Has Become Somewhat...

Review 3 - VideoSlots Review About VideoSlots Let’s be frank, the online casino industry has become somewhat murky as of late. This is because many brands and names aren’t as honest and open with players as they should be. Operating in a cloak and dagger fashion, the industry was in dire need of an honesty overhaul. Take all the marketing campaigns you’ve had thrust upon you in the past and forget about them. This is because VideoSlots has arrived and they are presenting something refreshingly different. Through barefaced honesty, what VideoSlots is able to give players is a transparent online casino experience, something that other online casinos can’t even get close to. From independent auditing to fair and understandable payouts,†¦show more content†¦Throwing all and everything onto the homepage in the hope to appeal, many names present a UI that just isn’t functional. Proving that they have the brains to bypass this issue, the VideoSlots team have devised a website that filters out the clutter in order to present something refreshingly straightforward. Blending dark and light colours well, everything on site is easy on the eye and pretty effortless to navigate. Being frank, VideoSlots isn’t going to rewrite history with its UI, but what it is going to do is provide players with a functional website to work within. VideoSlots Bonuses and Promotions Time and time again VideoSlots have shown the world that they know a thing or two about casino online bonuses and promotions. From free spins to traditional no deposit bonus offers, it has all been offered in the past. Currently VideoSlots have a ‘Welcome Bonus’ in place that allows players to get an instant fix of playable funds. This is because all initial deposits will be matched 100% up to the amount of â‚ ¬200, plus they will also throw in an additional â‚ ¬10 on top of that just for good measure. The offer is relatively easy to claim as well, as all a player needs to do is visit VideoSlots and go through the quick registration process. From what’s on offer it is clear that if you like free cash, VideoSlots is the place to play right now. Loyalty is a key element within

Low Income Black And Hispanic Adolescent Females Essay

SLIDE 1: So why are we targeting low-income black and Hispanic adolescent females you may ask? They are at higher risk, than other ethnicities, for acquiring an STD and/or experiencing an unplanned pregnancy. Increased utilization of dual contraception is of great importance in these communities. Adolescent females in general are less likely to use dual forms of protection from STD’s and unplanned pregnancy. Young women, due to their anatomy tend to be more susceptible to STD’s than are young men. Black and Hispanic females are 4.9x and 2.1x, respectively, more likely to contract chlamydia (which is a common STD) than their white counterparts. When it comes to pregnancy 3 in 10 adolescent females will become pregnant before the age of 20, amongst black and Hispanic young women this figure jumps to 5 in 10. Black and Hispanics teens are more likely to be living in poverty than are other ethnicities and data has shown that teen pregnancy increases proportionally as socio economic status declines as does rate of STD contraction. SLIDE 2: Next you may ask why are we specifically focusing on teens who live in the south? Well, Geography matters! According to the national center for health statistics teen pregnancy is highest in the southern states vs. the Northeastern or Midwestern states. While the average teen birth rate was 24.2% nationwide it was between 30-39% in the southern United States. Currently, only 18 states and D.C. require that education regarding contraception isShow MoreRelatedTeenage Pregnancy Rates Among Ethnicities1059 Words   |  5 Pagesshape adolescent sexual behavior and lead to the decision of adolescent motherhood. 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They also control their children by clearRead MoreTeenage Birth Rate Essay1099 Words   |  5 Pagesstill ranked the highest in teen pregnancy when compared to other developed nations (U.S. Department of Health Human Services, 2016). The term teen pregnancy is denoting young females being pregnant or giving birth under the age of 20. According to the CDC, in 2015, there were 229,715 babies born to adolescent females ages between 15-19, or a total of 22.3 live births per 1,000 in this age group in the United States; almost 89% of these births were from unmarried mothers (Centers for Disease ControlRead MorePrevalence Of Overweight And Obesity Essay1249 Words   |  5 Pagesthe prevalence of overweight/obesity among parents of children entering childhood obesity treatment and to evaluate changes in the parents’ weight during their child’s treatment (Trier, 2016). 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Customs and Courtesies Us Army Paper - 1518 Words

Military Customs and Courtesies There are many traditions that have been established over the long history of the military services. These many traditions can be broken into numerous customs and courtesies. A custom is a way of acting in a manner that has been continued constantly over a long period of time. It is almost like a law. A courtesy is a way of displaying good manners and politeness when dealing with other people. Military courtesy conveys respect both up and down the chain of command. One commonly recognized custom and courtesy is the military salute. The salute has been an exchange of greetings since the age of chivalry. During these ages the knights were mounted with steel armor that covered their body completely†¦show more content†¦While it is debatable whether or not rank really has an effect on instilling and teaching proper customs and courtesies, there is no doubt in the important underlying message of which customs and courtesies are based. Customs and courtesies display signs of respect not only from one ranking to another (which seems to be the major focus these days) but also as a sign of brotherhood. We do these gestures and display our respect to one another in a way that should always show our loyalty to each other. From the time we enter the service we are taught to be there for each other and to trust and respect the person next to you always even though that person can be a complete stranger. In my opinion, we have, over time, lost sight of the values our customs and courtesies are designed to teach us. Customs and courtesies help make life orderly and are a way of showing respect. Customs are regular, expected actions. They have been repeated over and over again and passed from one leader to another over many generations. Courteous actions show your concern and respect for others you work for and work with also for certain object or symbols, such as the American flag. The use of customs, courtesies, and ceremonies helps keep discipline and o rder in any military organization. Still being used today every day from the playing of Reveille toShow MoreRelatedCustoms and courtesies Essay2099 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿ US Army Customs and Courtesies A custom is a social norm stemming from tradition and enforced as an unwritten law. A courtesy is a respectful behavior often linked to a custom. A military courtesy is such behavior extended to a person or thing that honors them in some way. Military customs and courtesies define the profession of arms. When you display military customs and courtesies in various situations, you demonstrate to yourself and others your commitment to duty, honor, and countryRead MoreThe Importance of Flag Detail in the Military Essay911 Words   |  4 Pagessoldiers, we pledge to honor, serve, and protect the flag and the United States of America at all cost. 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When I start to look at the school year, I have to devote certain time and effort, so I need to develop a school program that will help generate leads and referrals. By conducting presentations about the ARNG (Army National Guard) on such topics as the role of the ARNGRead MoreDevelopment Of The Current Nursing3012 Words   |  13 PagesAbstract With this task, we provide a brief view of the most important events of the past that directly influenced the development of the current nursing and that molded system wide health care, related to nursing. With this paper, we can demonstrate how throughout the history of nursing, have been necessary changes related to the overcoming of the nurse; the need to implement titles and different categories to make effective the intellectual grade of our nurses and the effectiveness of its workRead MoreSSD2 Module 1 Notes31223 Words   |  125 Pagessecurity policies and procedures. They must not enter classified tactics, techniques, and procedures currently in use for military operations. It is the responsibility of the command to classify SOPs-when in development and when approved-consistent with Army Regulation (AR) 380-5 and to ensure compliance with AR 380-10 for foreign disclosure. Every SOP must have the signature of the approving authority within your chain of command before it is a legal document. Normally, at the squad or platoon level,

Understanding Learning And Memory With The Morris Water...

Chioma M. Nwokochah BIO 482L Lab Report 18 October 2015 Understanding Learning and Memory with the Morris Water Maze Abstract The overstimulation of GABA inhibitory receptors in the hippocampus has been found to obstruct spatial learning and memory. Ethanol was administered to male Swiss Webster mice in low and high doses in order to test its pharmacological effects on memory. The Morris water maze experiment was conducted as the experimental basis of understanding ethanol’s capacity to inhibit and/or suppress cognition, specifically memory in the hippocampus. Three individually marked, male, 47 day-old Swiss Webster mice per 5 groups were used to conduct the Morris water maze experiment. The average time spent in the water amongst all 3 experimental groups decreased post-injection; with the 10% ethanol treated mice having the best memory recall. There were a few factors that may have contributed to the surprising results of the experiment, such as a small sample size and varying tolerance levels. Understanding the role of GABA and glutamate in cognition can provide the foundation for further researc h and experimentation of memory formation and recall in the hippocampus. Introduction Learning and memory have been topics of particular interest to neuroscientists and neurophysiologists alike for several years and have become a phenomenon in scientific research and behavioral neuroscience. The hippocampus is the control station of spatial learning and memory inShow MoreRelatedSpatial Learning And Memory At Acute And Chronic Sleep Deprivation Essay1308 Words   |  6 PagesSpatial learning and memory are very important to humans in their everyday life. It helps them remember where they parked their car, how to get from home to work, or how to get to the hospital in an emergency. It was a difficult topic to study until Richard Morris created the Morris water maze in 1981. Since then, it has become simpler to observe not only rats, but also human’s spatial learning and memory. There have been a lot of studies on spatial learning and memory and how to enhance it or whatRead MoreHow Hunger Motivation Affects A Rat s Memory And Spatial Reasoning875 Words   |  4 Pagesbuild a rat maze and find out how hunger motivation affects a rat’s memory and spatial reasoning. By learning more about what drives a rat’s actions we could in turn learn more about humans and what motivates them. Understanding why animals are motivated to complete a task can shed light onto reasons why animals behave the way they do and why animals chose to repeat a behavior. Background Information: For our experiment, we will be testing if motivation from hunger affects the memory and spatialRead MoreMemory Formation And Its Effects On The Nervous System1492 Words   |  6 Pages Memory formation takes place in the nervous system and these memories are mediated by gene expression where long-lasting changes take place between neurons in synaptic connections. In 1949, Hebb postulated, when two neurons are activated at the same time, strengthening of synaptic efficiency will result in the appropriate synapse (Lynch, 2004). 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Brain regions involved in spatial cognition and related processes Much studies using various methods, including single-unit recordings, patient/lesion studies, non-invasiveRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Alzheimer s Disease1930 Words   |  8 Pagesand at this point, the risk increases every 5 years. ¹ Alzheimer’s Disease was first described over 100 years ago by Alois Alzheimer in Germany, characterising the first case with memory impairments and the presence of neuropathological plaques and tangles, which today, are major indications of the disease. ² Progressive memory loss is the clinical trademark of AD but eventually, cognitive function also deteriorates. ³ The neuropathological trademarks of AD involve the accumulation of ÃŽ ² amyloid (AÃŽ ²) proteinsRead MoreMiller Shettleworth Essay21273 Words   |  86 Pages191 Learning About Environmental Geometry: An Associative Model Noam Y. Miller and Sara J. Shettleworth University of Toronto K. 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If the initialRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesorganization theory the book increases the understanding of a field that in recent years has become ever more fragmented. Organization theory is central to managing, organizing and reflecting on both formal and informal structures, and in this respect you will find this book timely, interesting and valuable. Peter Holdt Christensen, Associate Professor, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark McAuley et al.’s book is thought-provoking, witty and highly relevant for understanding contemporary organizational dilemmas

B2B †Product Marketing Plan.rev1 Free Essays

The vison of the wool manufacturing sector of Australia is to expand its export sales to emerging markets in the ASEAN region. Emerging markets are those of the developing countries with high demand on basic raw materials for clothing manufacturing and other industries related to uses of fiber, plus the corollary products from the same category of industry. Emerging markets maybe from developing countries, rather than highly developed ones. We will write a custom essay sample on B2B – Product Marketing Plan.rev1 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The mission would be to penetrate these emerging markets, create a foothold with the right liaison procedures and obtain long term contracts for wool, wool products and its ancillaries. The main objective is to increase the export revenues of the wool manufacturing sector, thereby contributing to the GNP and GDP of Australia to improve per capita income and to generate more employment. The specific objectives are: a. To find out the trade channels of emerging markets in the ASEAN Region and penetrate these markets. b. To develop the right strategy how to penetrate these emerging markets and establish long-term trading activities with the same. c. To research more uses of the wool fiber as raw material, whether in bulk raw wool or thread wool or fabric wool. d. To involve foreign investors as allies in the development of wool fiber for new uses of wool and its corollary products mentioned herein. e. To secure a captured market in exchange for foreign investments. 1. 1 Sales Objectives The general sales objective is to establish a continuing and growing demand for export sales of wool, wollen products, probably new developed products out of wool, and corollary wool products, e. g. sheep meat or lambchops and sheep leather. The increase in sales may not actually mean increase in profitablity in the short term. It is the long term objective that is the main focus in order for sales projections to be drawn with ease and followed. Long term projections can only be done if investment-marketing contracts can also be drawn with the probable buyer of the manufactured products. It would be an investment laden project, such that the need for investment can be specifically pinpointed in terms of machinery, labor, working capital and project costs or, in order to find out the specific uses of the capital investment. From there, the Return on Investment (ROI) or the Return to Equity (ROE) can be calculated and deemed to be viable or feasible to Autralian preferences. Thus, the sales objective considers the long term viability of the project and determines what level of equity the Australians should allow any foreign investor to come in and intervene in the wool industry. 1. 2 Product Positioning There is no substitute for a high quality, optimum priced product and consistent supply and these factors must be the position of the products. In order to elaborate further the market position, it is best to enumerate the products that may come from the wool industry, expound the charecteristics of the products and analyze where it uses would be. Thereon, there could be research and development (RD) to improve the product so that there is value added when it is sold. a. Bulk Raw Wool Fibers Bulk raw wool fibers maybe classified. The usual process starts with sheering, washing, bleaching, drying and bailing. Then there can be classifying, perhaps, into which batch comes from a more mature or younger herd of sheeps or known sheep varieties. Another way, which would need RD, is to find out how to separate the long fibers from the short fibers. Then the method of classification can be into long and short fibers. Machineries can be designed to seggregate which fibers are long or short. Both kind of fibers can be wooven into fabric with different characterics and long fibers can be an additive in matress production for car seats. In Europe car seats have organic fibers as substitute for foam cushions, and is already a regulation. Foam cushions produce toxic fumes when it burns in case of accidents. b. Wool Thread If and when wool can be seggregated into long and short fibers, there can also be two kinds of threads produced. Short fibers will produce thread with short elasticity because the spinning process produces a more fine textured thread. Long fibers will produce thread that is more elastic, which is wool’s characteristic and has been accepted by users of this thread. Fine thread from wool can become a new product which can be compared to cotton thread. c. Wool Fabric When wooven into cloth, long fibers make the cloth stretchable. The stretchable fabric is usually used for insulation such as sweaters and blankets, the main finished products of wool. Although standard woolen fabric is good insulation, it has a charcteristic very distinct from cotton cloth. The wool fibers are a bit abbrasive and may induce allergy or itchiness to human skin and is generally heavier than cotton fabric. Should there be fine thread from short fibers wooven into wool fabric, then the outcome would be fine and lighter cloth, which can become a versatile material in sewing clothes. Definitely, this range of product development needs RD. d. Sheep Leather Sheep skin can be processed into leather to manufacture rubber shoes. China and Korea are becoming top producers of rubber shoes. Those countries could be the target market of sheep leather if it were tanned in Autralia. Thus, tanning sheep leather can become a side manufacturing concern of the wool industry. Cow and kangaroo leather from Australia is already known in the world market. It would not hurt if the sheep leather market can be developed. Rather than disposing sheep skin as fertilizer, it may be manufactured into leather. e. Sheep Meat or Lamb Chops It is only logical that there is consistency in the supply of raw materials for wool. Thus, backward integration to produce wool becomes an inevitable factor when there are plans to expand the wool market. Therefore, sheep production, which Australia is also known for, becomes an integrated portion of the wool export industry. Sheep are proliferous and multiply like goats and there will be surplus of sheep in terms of number of heads if the wool industry were to expand. Lamb meat can become one of the ancillary products of the wool industry and capacity of processing plants for fresh or even canned sheep meat must be ready when the market is developed. 1. 3 Product Objectives It is best to enumerate again what are the probable export products derived from the wool industry: short fiber raw wool, long fiber raw wool, fine wool thread, ordinary wool thread, lamb chops/sheepmeat, and sheep leather. The overall product objective is to enhance the development of products manufactured from the wool sector. This sector starts from the livestock production of sheep, an integral part of agriculture. Wool must not be the only product that can derived from this industry. In terms of short and long fibers that need RD, new machineries may have to be brought in. This could be done by asking foreign investors to conduct the research, design and fabricate the machinery themselves. The machines needed would pertain to milling machines, weaving, and knitting machines. If China were the choice of partnership, it has already developed its machineries for weaving and knitting. It may be the milling machine that should be designed in order to segregate the short and long fibers before milling into threads. The threads may be further processed so that the texture could be close to or the same as silk, a well known Chinese fabric. In any case, innovation should come in so that the end products becomes a new one and will probably have its place in the fashion world, which is very big business. Should this happen, there will be curiousity from European buyers, thereby creating a damand, as the capital of fashion is in Paris, France. This would expand the manufacturing sector thereby generating more employment for the locales. In terms of sheep meat, blast freezing and cold storage facilities upgrade may be needed for the expansion of the industry. Foreign investors may also be invited. The same protocol may be applied to sheep leather manufacturing. The machineries acquisition can be negotiated such that it may come in the form of a loan, whereby, part of the payments would be in the form of manufactured products the machineries would churn out. In general, the direction of this concern is towards expanding the manufacturing sector in processing, increase employment, generate export revenues and foreign investments. 1. 4 Pricing Objectives General market re-entry, just like pricing, is an art. The general pricing objective is to retain optimum profits that would benefit the industry in the long term. The volume of business may compensate the optimum profit margins when the demand for the manufactured products increase. The pricing should be generally lower than competition. This would attract foreign manufacturers to buy the wool and woolen products. When it comes to leather, the pricing should be comparable to hog leather (e.. g. Hush Puppies use hog leather). Only when if it becomes a fad and is highly sought for, should sheep leather prices be increased to a maximum level. Shoes are a basic necessity too. Leather bags and luggage may not be a necessity and fashion trends may dictate the demand for these leather products. When it comes to sheep meat, prices should go lower than that of pork or chicken prices as cheap food is a sign of progress. Generally, product innovation should be one of the largest factors in product objectives. It is a fact that wool has been a fabric since the medieval ages and is outdated. Sheep meat has been a staple food to some countries but has not been promoted as a low cholesterol meat. Sheep skin could have been used only as insulation or rough clothing during the medieval ages also, and not as leather for shoes and bags. Innovation is altering the product so that when it is used or consumed, it is new and attractive. Thereon, consistency in supply and quality again should be sustained. Lastly, when innovation is implemeted, the product or products has to pass the taste and preferences of the target market. Test marketing can be done through the trade envoys in the various embassies. That wold be part of promotion and advertising already. 1. 5 Retail Objectives As previously mentioned, one of the objectives is to sell the products to wholesalers and not go into direct retailing. The fibers of bulk wool, and wool thread may be sold to textile mills suppliers. The woven fabric may be sold to textile wholesalers whose down the line customers are tailors, haberdashers and manufacturers of apparel. The leather can be sold to large leather wholesalers. Lastly, the meat can be sold to a main office of a chain of grocery stores. 2. 0 SWOT Analysis of the Products a. Short and Long Wool Fibers in Bulk, Fine and Ordinary Wool Thread, and Fine and Ordinary Wool Textile Wool fibers and products are unique in a sense that it provides better protection against cold weather. It is organic in nature and does not come from synthetic resins. It has been known to be the source of textile since production in Europe started. Clothing sewn from wool generally cater to residents of temperate and artic countries. Australia, because of its vast grazing lands can produce sheep in voluminous quantities assuring the consistency of supply. These are the strengths of these products. The weaknesses of wool products is that Australia’s geographic position is far from temperate and artic zones that are most populated, no market. On the side of the globe where Australia is located, the most developed market is Japan. Europian markets are not that accessible due to the distance which would increase freight costs. Another weakness is the acceptability of wool sewn clothing. Though fabric from wool make good blankets, its acceptability seem to be outdated because of the emergence of felt and other cotton like materials that are also thick and provides good insulation from the cold. Blankets and sweaters are the most sewn apparel from wool, with the introduction of thicker textile substitutes, the demand for wool decreased. Another weakness is in terms of the acceptability of the fabric when in contact with human skin which may induce allergies. Lastly, the fabric produced is heavier in terms of weight, than other fabrics. Opportunities lie in the current and biggest emerging market, China. China is about 2 billion in population. China is an aggressive market because it has positioned itself in the ASEAN Region with trading agents and its strategy has become an open trade policy if proper liaison can be done. With very cheap machineries fabricated from the mainland, it may be possible to negotiate the RD portion for the bulk wool fiber. The biggest threat comes from its largest competitor, cotton. Cotton is light and is very variable in terms of sewing clothing. Countries producing cotton are located near the tropical zone and are positioned nearer the emerging markets than Australia, meaning the freight costs are cheaper. b. Sheep Leather The strength of this product also lie in Australia’s capacity to produce it in bulk and it may come out cheaper than cow leather. The opportunity lie in the huge market in China and Korea for leather and it may mean the introduction of the product at the right quality, quantity and price to garner this market. As earlier mentioned, China and Korea have been manufacturing rubber shoes. The threat is again is in its competitor, cow leather, and Australia’s own leather production may be the same culprit. Balancing the export of the leather products, whether it comes from cow, kangaroos or sheep might be hard to implement if there is over production. c. Sheep Meat/Lambchops The strength of this product lie in the consistency of production. With the vast grazing lands in Australia and its agriculture technology, sheep production has become comparable with cow production. Australia has gone into export of lamb meat during the mid 90’s, but has not fully developed the market potential. Australia is also known for its beef supply, though sheep meat has already been marketed (e. g. Philippines), the market forces somewhat gave the impression that supply is inconsistent. The weakness of this product is its acceptability because of its semi-pungent odor and knowledge has to be transferred to those who would cook it. Sheep meat, the same with goat meet, has to be processed or seared with heat first before it is cooked and the process is just simple frying of the exposed surfaces. There is a very large market opportunity for this due to two (2) given and existing circumstances: (1) there is growing consciousness about the carrying capacity of bad cholesterol of pork, chicken and beef, and (2) Muslims do not eat beef and they tend to shy away from pork as customary practice, instead, goat’s or sheep’s meat is preferred. The Muslim people and Chinese (because of the large population) in the ASEAN would also be in need of food. The opportunity to develop the demand for lambchops or sheep meat exists. This is a very large opportunity because there are large Muslim populations also in the same region. Mindanao in the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore have a significant number of Muslims in their populace. Sheep meat has threats from cheap pork and chicken meat (beef prices are very high). Producers of pork and chicken in the ASEAN have been in the doldrums too because of the high cost of feed ingredients but once in a while there is glut in these particular markets when the U. S. and Canada dumps its excess production into the ASEAN region. The nations where excess are dumped generally protect their producers by imposing high tariffs for these products and this may also pose a threat if sheep meat becomes a lot cheaper than prices of pork or chicken. 3. 0 Strategies The brand positioning of wool, woolen products, sheep meat and leather may take the low key, low profile stance at first. Raw material from Australia, final product made in China or Korea. Australians may, might as well take advantage of the cheap labor from these manufacturing countries, and should allow the same to manufacture the end or final products such as shoes and apparel. When it comes to sheep meat, it could carry an Australian brand since there is no other large sheep production in the region. The market entry or re-entry strategy can be to invite Chinese investors to conduct the RD portion for the short and long fiber segregation. Let them develop and fabricate the machinery then buy the machinery from them with the intent to supply the manufactured fibers to them also. With fiber segregation, comes thread production, then textile milling or fabric production. The Chinese have already machinery for these and it could be included in the package. It may revolutionize Australia’s textile industry. The practice of machinery acquisition in exchange of manufactured end product or raw materials have already been done by the Chinese in Thailand and the Philippines. To exemplify, vapor heat treatment plants for mangoes were put up in Thailand in corroboration with a private company and the Thailand government, provided the Chinese will buy the entire mango produced. In the Philippines, decorticating machines for coconut fibers were loaned to a government agency in charge of the coconut industry, provided all the fibers (whether short or long fibers) were bought back. Thus market entry or re-entry is possible with the Chinese, to supply the RD, needed machinery, and provided all the produce would be bought back. The general strategy for market expansion is to let foreign investors come in and put up their own plants to manufacture the mentioned products herein, provided they market the products themselves. Sales strategy advertising is easy with the global upgrade in information technology. But, for the general public to be aware of emerging new policies of trading in Australia could require direct advertising in television and newspapers. This could be done through the trade consuls of the embassies of Australia in the countries within the ASEAN Region. The strategy for product positioning can be generalized to be generic sold products at first, and then acquire a brand name later on. This could probably mean that the goods are traded are in bulk status. 3. 1 Sales Strategies For market segmentation, the particulars could be Japan, China, and Muslims from the ASEAN Region. It would be better to cut off the supply with Japan first, let China enter. Market forces should be monitored for control and market research. China has several retail outlets in key cities in Japan (Tokyo, Kyoto, Nagasaki, etc.. ). For Muslims, which would pertain to sheep meat marketing, trade consuls can offer counter trade measures to promote the product. Counter trade means there is no change hands of currency but plain barter. This is usually done on a government to government (G-to-G) basis. Stratety in distribution would be in terms of volume. The best would be to allow China to buy all, as this has been their practice with other countries. Slowly remove the Japanese market and let the Chinese do the trading and networking, make the Chinese Australia’s allies in trading. Definitely there will be some unpleasant reactions with the U. S. and the U. K. with these move, thus the Australian government should be ready for this. 3. 2 Product Strategies The product strategies can come in terms of service and support. When the Chinese have decided to enter into Australian territories, they might as well have some incentives like free trade zones, less tariffs for machineries, dedicated warehouses and maritime discounts in berthing their ships. This can justify adjusted lower FOB pricing rates and the high costs of freight.. 3. 3 Pricing Strategies Now that the general strategy is to tap China as an emerging market, at first FOB prices of the manufactured goods must be 5 to 10 per cent lower compared to its competitors. This should be done provided a yearly marketing contract can be inked with the Chinese. Chinese traders practice forard buying; which means that they might opt to buy the whole production for one year of a manufacturing plant, securing a low price and selling the manufactured goods when prices of the goods go up. This semi-monopolistic in nature but works very well if a company is into trading and has very huge capital base. Forward buying is very capital intensive. 3. 4 Retail Strategies The trends for market position of wool and its corollary products should start from the very basic step of the product chain that it can access abroad, the wholesalers. China is a wholesaler and bulk trader. The manufacturing sector of wool and other products must at first, take a stand that their final export product must give a privilege for better profit for the wholesalers as their allies. In the short run, this may mean that in order for the products to penetrate the retail market, other people outside the wholesalers network must be deplored and employed by the wholesalers themselves. It also may mean that the wholesalers that are buying the final export products could independently establish their own retail chains. Thus, the first position of the wool and other corollary wool products should be that of the wholesalers dominion. The next, and without violation of the terms and conditions with the current wholesalers, would be the retailing sector. 5. 0 Budget The product marketing plan must come in phases; therefore, it would be hard to arrive at a fix budget for the total project cost of implementing the plan. Only in the first phase can a budget be appropriated for approval. The first phase would be to approve the concept and policies in the magistrates of the Australian government and conduct advertising and marketing campaigns for the re-aligned trade and marketing policies through the embassies. TV and newspaper promotions would be the bulk of the cost of the campaign. Let us estimate the allocation at A$ 200,000. 00 per country, targeting seven (7) countries; total estimated budget is A$ 1. 4MM. This can suffice buying airtime and newspaper publishing for one year. Additional single-liaison staff maybe hired in the embassies but the representation allowance should be flexible, as Chinese representatives are hungry for wine and dine related negotiations. 5. 0 Future Trends and Issues of Marketing Concern The future trends in the global market: more use of organic fibers and leather rather than synthetic substitutes because of the characteristic that synthetics churn toxic fumes when it burns. In the last few decades when there was little awareness on accidents concerning toxic fumes, the trend was to use non-organic fibers. But when research resulted to synthetic fibers as the source of toxicity, the manufacturing sector using synthetics has slowly reverted to organic sources. This is the same trend with foods and sheep meat as health food will become a fad. The future issues that may arise are that of capital flight to Australia from China, exchange rate fluctuations, currency retention in the partner countries. This can be addressed by lowering or totally eliminating the trade deficits between partner countries. Whereas, Australia may buy Chinese machinery and equipment in return for a captured export market, at both profitable levels of operation, ROI’s and ROE’s can be internally kept a secret within and between both trading partners. 6. 0 Conclusion The product marketing plan designed herein to increase the export revenues of the wool manufacturing sector in Australia is to garner a corresponding increase in the gross trade revenues of the country as a whole. It must consider the balance of trade with the ally it will do the trading with. In terms of foreign investments, the trading partner, in this particular case it is China, Australia must be very cautious in the pricing of the machineries and the technology that China will bring in. Machineries and technology prices are hard to determine especially if the entity who would buy such were not involved in the actual design of the latter. Australia could only specify the technical data and the percieved or target outputs of the machineries. At any rate, technology is a fast maturing factor. New technologies emerge as the old ones are still being used. It may be that the cost at the start would be very high, but as the machineries depreciate, the technology depreciates and so with the cost. Further, the after sales service agreement with the Chinese for the machineries could be designed in a such a way that the acquisition of spare parts and other necessary materials to run the machineries can be less costly. These would all depend on the transparency of the trading partner. The logic behind it is that both partners should make enough profits from a sustainable industry and the profits should be declared as transparent as possible. This is the very reason why the long-term goals are the focus of the product marketing plan. The rest of the strategies can be adjusted along the way if the plan implementation should follow another path and not as intended. 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